Introduction Low cardiac output syndrome is one of the complication in post op cardiac surgeries in adult as well as paediatric surgeries. Myocardial function generally decline after 6-8hrs of post CPB/post revascularization surgery because of ischaemic reperfusion injury. Definition – Low cardiac output state can be defined as cardiac index below 2 lits/min/m2,associated with lt. […]

  Low cardiac output can be because of Rt. Ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension. Preexisting conditions leading to this are- Rt.coronary artery disease, Rt.ventricular infarction, pulmonary hypertension.   Etiology Poor myocardial protection . Prolong ischaemic time or myocardial stunning. Coronary embolism of air.thrombi or particulate matter. Systolic hypotension which causes RV ischaemia. Acute pulmonary hypertension […]

ACC & AHA Definition- Heart failure as a clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. Because volume overload is not necessary to be present ,the term Heart Failure(HF) is preferred to be term congestive Heart failure. Systolic […]

  ☛ 1896-Autine Marfan ☛ 65-70%genetic transmission-mutation of FBN1 gene on chromosome 15 Criterias ☛ Main systems get affected ☛ Skeletal,CVS, occular, skin,pulmonary Ghent diagnostic criteria For skeletal system MAJOR MINOR Pectus excavatum/carinatum Mild pectus excavatum Upper segment/lower segment <0.8 High arched palate Arm span/height >1.05 Oblong head Walker murdoch sign-(wrist sign)-little Endophthalmos Finger touch […]

Is a disorder of myocardial depolarisation characterised by prolonged QT interval on ECG & ventricular arrhythmia. Usually torsades de pointes that lead to sudden cardiac arrest. Types QT prolongation can be congenital or acquired (1) advance in molecular biology revealed that ion channels that generate electrical activity of heart are defective in congenital LQTS. Mutations […]